GCCCD Normative Perspective Evaluation Discussion and Responses
Description
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part one
About
Positive or Normative Perspective is a Discussion assessment that encourages students to describe a chapter/chapter section/topic from a positive (what is) or normative (what should be) perspective.
Estimated Time
An estimated 2 hours is needed to complete this activity.
Prompt
There are two perspectives we can use to examine any object, such as a chapter/chapter section/topic: positive and normative.
POSITIVE PERSPECTIVE
A positive perspective seeks to answer the question: what is? While a normative perspective seeks to answer the question: what should be?
The positive perspective is more closely associated with an objective or matter-of-fact view. For example, if we see a red tomato growing in a garden, a positive perspective would state: There is a red tomato growing in the garden.
NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE
A normative perspective is more closely associated with a subjective or opinionated view. For example, if we see a red tomato growing in a garden, a normative perspective would state: There is a red tomato growing in the garden, but I think there should be a green zucchini growing instead.
Instructions
In 5 sentences, evaluate a chapter or chapter section from either a normative or positive perspective.
You can choose any chapter or chapter section from the textbook to evaluate.
Recall that a normative perspective is asking “What should be?” while a positive perspective is asking “What is?”
POST
Please state the perspective you are evaluating a chapter/chapter section/topic from a normative perspective OR a positive perspective.
From your chosen perspective, explain in 5 or more sentences a chapter/chapter section/topic.
You can choose any chapter/chapter section/topic from the textbook/textbook equivalent to evaluate.
REPLY 1
Please reply, in 5 or more sentences, to a peer:
- identifying whether they are evaluating from a normative or positive perspective.
- validating your peers’ selection of perspective.
- expanding on their perspective with your own thoughts.
REPLY 2
Please reply, in 5 or more sentences, to a 2nd peer:
- identifying whether they are evaluating from a normative or positive perspective.
- validating your peers’ selection of perspective.
- expanding on their perspective with your own thoughts..
- .
- .
- .i will send two discussions to reply on them after i submit my discussion
part two
About
Journal articles are peer-reviewed publications that help scholars communicate ideas, theories, empirical analyses, and conclusions.
The ability to critically read journal articles is a skill that is developed with practice. This skill is especially useful when you transfer to a 4-year college or university.
If you are contemplating attending graduate school to earn a Masters, professional, or Doctoral degree, then analyzing journal articles is an essential skill.
Analyzing a journal article is related to reading. Reading is a skill that is developed with practice and is important for your future academic, professional, and personal endeavors.
- Academically, your reading load will increase with each semester you are in higher education. Building that skill now will serve you well into the future.
- Professionally, you will have contracts, employee handbooks, technical manuals, financial reports, and other documents to read.
- Personally, your son, daughter, nephew, or niece will need you to teach them to read.
Estimated Time
An estimated 5 hours is needed to complete this activity.
Instructions
STEP 1: OBTAIN THE ARTICLE
You have three options for obtaining and viewing the article.
- Option 1 – Read on Accessible Webpage:
- Federalism, Policy Diffusion, and Gender Equality: Explaining Variation in State Domestic Violence Firearm Laws 19902017 | State Politics & Policy Quarterly | Cambridge Core (Links to an external site.)
- The article’s tables, charts, or graphs are unfortunately not accessible for some screen readers. However, the contents of tables, charts, or graphs are sufficiently explained in the body of the article.
- Option 2 – Download PDF: Download (Links to an external site.) a PDF copy of the journal article from OPoliSci.com.
- Option 3 – View in Canvas: Federalism, Policy Diffusion, and Gender Equality
Actions
STEP 2: ANALYZE THE ARTICLE
- Identify the 12 parts of the article, as described in the Anatomy of a Journal Article and elaborated upon in the Details of Analyzing Journal Articles, and you can also review the Walkthrough.
- Need Help? Attend an Ask Me Anything about the JAA, SIM, or PPP iPoliSci Workshop during scheduled times.
- Need Help? Schedule an appointment (Links to an external site.) with Dr. Josh Franco.
- Need Help? Schedule a tutoring appointment with the Writing Center if you want a 3rd party to help you think through this assignment.
STEP 3: DEMONSTRATE IDENTIFICATION OF PARTS
Recall there are twelve parts of a journal article:
- The Title of an article appears on the first page of the article. The Title is brief, typically no more than 5-10 words, and identifies for the reader the subject of the article.
- The Main Point of an article is typically found in the Abstract. An Abstract is a summary of the article which is located on the first page, after the Title. The main point may be in the Introduction of the article.
- The Question of an article is typically found in the Abstract. The question may be in the Introduction of the article as well.
- The Puzzle is a missing piece of knowledge that the article seeks to fulfill.
- The Debate is how scholars currently argue the subject of the article. Debates have at least two sides, and the two sides we are most familiar with are pro and con. However, debates can be more complex.
- The Theory is how the author thinks something works. For example, we may have a theory about how campaigns influence voters. Theories consists of constants, variables, and the relationships between variables.
- The Hypotheses are derived from the Theory. A hypothesis is the expectation that one variable affects another variable in a specific way.
- The Research Design is how the author compares the effect of the explanatory variable (X) on the outcome variable (O) in a group (G) or set of groups.
- The Empirical Analysis is the use of quantitative or qualitative evidence to explore whether the hypothesized relationship between two variables does indeed occur in the world.
- The Policy Implications are how the findings of the article should influence the behavior of individuals, groups, organizations, or governments.
- The Contribution to the Discipline is how the article helps fill the missing Puzzle piece.
- Future Research offers suggestions for future research that build on the findings from the article.
You need to identify each part, with the exception of needing to write out a Research Design, which is explained in the next step.
Where you annotate each part depends on whether you are annotating on a paper copy or electronic copy of the journal article.
- Paper: hand write on the margins or the back of the page.
- Electronic: electronically highlight the text and/or comment in margins of the page.
STEP 4: WRITE OUT THE RESEARCH DESIGN
- Read JAA – Writing out a Research Design.
- Of the 12 parts, only one of them needs to be written out: Research Design. The Research Design is how the author compares the effect of the explanatory variable (X) on the outcome variable (O) in a group (G) or set of groups.
- I want to emphasize that you need to use the G O X notation when writing out a Research Design.
- Again, I want to emphasize that you need to use the G O X notation when writing out a Research Design.
STEP 5: USE STUDENT ANNOTATION WITHIN CANVAS OR UPLOAD YOUR FILE
- Student Annotation within Canvas:
- Visit Assignments: Student Annotation Submissions (Links to an external site.) for brief overview of using Student Annotation within Canvas.
- Paper: If you hand wrote your analysis on a printed paper, please use CamScanner app (Links to an external site.), use Batch function to take pictures of each page and create a single PDF. After a single PDF is created, please upload the file.
- Electronic Option 1: If you used Adobe PDF software, or some other software, to annotate, then you can upload the annotated file.
- Electronic Option 2: You can try annotating in the Canvas Student App.
Support
CAN YOU EXPLAIN THE 12 PARTS IN MORE DETAIL?
Yes, if needed, return to the Details of Analyzing Journal Articles page and the Walkthrough Presentation for clarification on the concept.
WHY DO I HAVE A HARD TIME FINDING THE RESEARCH DESIGN IN AN ARTICLE?
Research design notation is not common in political science journal articles.
Part of the reason is that political scientists do not agree on a conceptual, let alone an operational, definition of research design.
This lack of agreement is a function of the diversity of graduate training and experience that political scientist have.
CAN I READ A WALKTHROUGH OF A TWO-GROUP, PRE-TEST AND POST-TEST RESEARCH DESIGN?
Yes, read JAA – Writing out a Research Design.
WHERE CAN I FIND AN IN-DEPTH DISCUSSION OF RESEARCH DESIGN?
For an in-depth discussion on research design, you can read Chapter 6 Elements of Research Design in Introduction to Political Science Research Methods (Links to an external site.).
HOW DO I VIEW ANNOTATION FEEDBACK COMMENTS?
Go to How do I view annotation feedback comments from my instructor directly in my assignment submission?(Links to an external site.) to learn how I directly include feedback on the file you upload, compared to the Assignment Comments or Rubric Results.
DO YOU HOST LIVE ZOOM WORKSHOPS FOR THE JOURNAL ARTICLE ANALYSIS?
Yes, visit the iPoliSci Workshops assignments located in every weekly module for a schedule of Journal Article Analysis workshops or Ask Me Anything workshops.
POST
please make a reply on those two discussions first one The chapter section from the textbook that I am evaluating using the positive perspective is the chapter one section three on engagement in a democracy. There are fewer individuals active in politics today than in the past. The reason is because there has been a decline in membership of small groups. Unlike in the past where Americans used to belong to smaller groups like bowling leagues or church groups. Today people are more interested in working as an individual or linking with large groups where the opportunity to interact with one another is limited. The collective value of social networks inclines that individuals in these networks do things for each other which causes people to avoid membership of small interactive groups.second oneIm evaluating chapter 1 section 1, from a positive perspective. The section is discussing what the government is and what are the types of governments in the United States. The positive perspective was chosen because were stating facts and giving definition of the government. Some might argue that the government can also be seen from a normative perspective, if youre living in a country with no government or a country ruled by tribes. Nevertheless, the definition of the government cannot be changed as its meaning to govern, therefore its more convenient to look at it from a positive perspective.
